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Sara Northrup Hollister
Sara Elizabeth Bruce Northrup Hollister (April 8, 1924December 19, 1997) was an occultist who played a major role in the creation of Dianetics, which evolved into the religious movement Scientology. Sara was the second wife of science-fiction author L. Ron Hubbard, who would become the leader of the Church of Scientology.〔Starr, p. 254〕
Sara Northrup was a major figure in the Pasadena branch of the Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO), a secret society founded by the English occultist Aleister Crowley, where she was known as "Soror () Cassap". She joined as a teenager. From 1941 to 1945 she had a turbulent relationship with her sister's husband John Whiteside Parsons, the head of the Pasadena branch. Though a committed and popular member, she acquired a reputation for disruptiveness that prompted Crowley to denounce her as a "vampire". She began a relationship with L. Ron Hubbard, whom she met through the OTO, in 1945. She and Hubbard eloped, taking with them a substantial amount of Parsons' life savings and marrying bigamously a year later while Hubbard was still married to his first wife, Margaret Grubb.
Sara played a significant role in the development of Dianetics, Hubbard's "modern science of mental health", between 1948 and 1951. She was Hubbard's personal auditor and along with Hubbard, one of the seven members of the Dianetics Foundation's Board of Directors. However, their marriage was deeply troubled; Hubbard was responsible for a prolonged campaign of domestic violence against her and kidnapped both her and her infant daughter. Hubbard spread allegations that she was a Communist secret agent and repeatedly denounced her to the FBI. The FBI declined to take any action, characterizing Hubbard as a "mental case". The marriage broke up in 1951 and prompted lurid headlines in the Los Angeles newspapers. She subsequently married one of Hubbard's former employees, Miles Hollister, and moved to Hawaii and later Massachusetts, where she died in 1997.
==Early life==
Sara was one of five children born to Olga Nelson, the daughter of a Swedish immigrant to the United States.〔 She was the grandaughter of Russian emigrant Malacon Kosadamanov (later Nelson) who emigrated to Sweden.〔Wright, p. 414〕 Sara's mother first married Thomas Cowley, an Englishman working for the Standard Oil Company. The couple had three daughters. In 1923 the family moved to Pasadena, a destination said to have been chosen by Olga using a Oujia board.〔Pendle, pp. 85–87〕 Although she later remembered her childhood with warmth, Sara's upbringing was marred by her sexually abusive father, who was imprisoned in 1928 for financial fraud.〔Starr, p. 235〕 She was sexually active from an unusually young age and often claimed to have lost her virginity at the age of ten.〔Wright, p. 42〕
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